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MajorWiki/README.md
majorlinux 5af934a6c6 wiki: update SSH docs with bash.exe default shell fix and Windows admin key auth 
- ssh-config-key-management: add Windows OpenSSH admin user key auth section
  (administrators_authorized_keys, BOM-free writing, ACL requirements)
- windows-openssh-wsl-default-shell: add bash.exe as recommended fix (Option 1),
  demote PowerShell to Option 2, add shell-not-found diagnostic tip
- windows-sshd-stops-after-reboot: fix stale wsl.exe reference to bash.exe
- index/README: update Recently Updated table and article descriptions

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-04-07 22:01:36 -04:00

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---
created: 2026-04-06T09:52
updated: 2026-04-07T21:59
---
# MajorLinux Tech Wiki — Index
> A growing reference of Linux, self-hosting, open source, streaming, and troubleshooting guides. Written by MajorLinux. Used by MajorTwin.
>
**Last updated:** 2026-04-03
**Article count:** 76
## Domains
| Domain | Folder | Articles |
|---|---|---|
| 🐧 Linux & Sysadmin | `01-linux/` | 12 |
| 🏠 Self-Hosting & Homelab | `02-selfhosting/` | 21 |
| 🔓 Open Source Tools | `03-opensource/` | 10 |
| 🎙️ Streaming & Podcasting | `04-streaming/` | 2 |
| 🔧 General Troubleshooting | `05-troubleshooting/` | 26 |
---
## 🐧 Linux & Sysadmin
### Files & Permissions
- [Linux File Permissions](01-linux/files-permissions/linux-file-permissions.md) — chmod, chown, special bits, finding permission problems
### Process Management
- [Managing Linux Services with systemd](01-linux/process-management/managing-linux-services-systemd-ansible.md) — systemctl, journalctl, writing service files, Ansible service management
### Networking
- [SSH Config & Key Management](01-linux/networking/ssh-config-key-management.md) — key generation, ssh-copy-id, ~/.ssh/config, managing multiple keys, Windows OpenSSH admin key auth
### Package Management
- [Package Management Reference](01-linux/packages/package-management-reference.md) — apt, dnf, pacman side-by-side reference, Flatpak/Snap
### Shell & Scripting
- [Ansible Getting Started](01-linux/shell-scripting/ansible-getting-started.md) — inventory, ad-hoc commands, playbooks, handlers, roles
- [Bash Scripting Patterns](01-linux/shell-scripting/bash-scripting-patterns.md) — set -euo pipefail, logging, error handling, argument parsing, common patterns
### Storage
- [SnapRAID & MergerFS Storage Setup](01-linux/storage/snapraid-mergerfs-setup.md) — Pooling mismatched drives and adding parity on Linux
- [mdadm — Rebuilding a RAID Array After Reinstall](01-linux/storage/mdadm-raid-rebuild.md) — reassembling and recovering mdadm arrays after OS reinstall
### Distro-Specific
- [Linux Distro Guide for Beginners](01-linux/distro-specific/linux-distro-guide-beginners.md) — Ubuntu recommendation, distro comparison, desktop environments
- [WSL2 Instance Migration to Fedora 43](01-linux/distro-specific/wsl2-instance-migration-fedora43.md) — moving WSL2 VHDX from C: to another drive
- [WSL2 Training Environment Rebuild (Fedora 43)](01-linux/distro-specific/wsl2-rebuild-fedora43-training-env.md) — rebuilding the MajorTwin training env in WSL2 from scratch
- [WSL2 Backup via PowerShell Scheduled Task](01-linux/distro-specific/wsl2-backup-powershell.md) — automating WSL2 exports on a schedule using PowerShell
---
## 🏠 Self-Hosting & Homelab
### Docker & Containers
- [Self-Hosting Starter Guide](02-selfhosting/docker/self-hosting-starter-guide.md) — hardware options, Docker install, first services, networking basics
- [Docker vs VMs for the Homelab](02-selfhosting/docker/docker-vs-vms-homelab.md) — when to use containers vs VMs, KVM setup, how to run both
- [Debugging Broken Docker Containers](02-selfhosting/docker/debugging-broken-docker-containers.md) — logs, inspect, exec, port conflicts, permission errors
- [Docker Healthchecks](02-selfhosting/docker/docker-healthchecks.md) — writing and debugging HEALTHCHECK instructions in Docker containers
### Reverse Proxies
- [Setting Up Caddy as a Reverse Proxy](02-selfhosting/reverse-proxy/setting-up-caddy-reverse-proxy.md) — Caddyfile basics, automatic HTTPS, local TLS, DNS challenge
### DNS & Networking
- [Tailscale for Homelab Remote Access](02-selfhosting/dns-networking/tailscale-homelab-remote-access.md) — installation, MagicDNS, making services accessible, subnet router, ACLs
- [Network Overview](02-selfhosting/dns-networking/network-overview.md) — MajorsHouse network topology, Tailscale IPs, and connectivity map
### Storage & Backup
- [rsync Backup Patterns](02-selfhosting/storage-backup/rsync-backup-patterns.md) — flags reference, remote backup, incremental with hard links, Glacier Deep Archive
### Monitoring
- [Tuning Netdata Web Log Alerts](02-selfhosting/monitoring/tuning-netdata-web-log-alerts.md) — tuning web_log_1m_redirects threshold for HTTPS-forcing servers
- [Tuning Netdata Docker Health Alarms](02-selfhosting/monitoring/netdata-docker-health-alarm-tuning.md) — preventing false alerts during nightly Nextcloud AIO container update cycles
- [Deploying Netdata to a New Server](02-selfhosting/monitoring/netdata-new-server-setup.md) — install, email notifications, and Netdata Cloud claim for Ubuntu/Debian servers
- [Netdata + n8n Enriched Alert Emails](02-selfhosting/monitoring/netdata-n8n-enriched-alerts.md) — rich HTML alert emails with remediation steps and wiki links via n8n
- [Netdata SELinux AVC Denial Monitoring](02-selfhosting/monitoring/netdata-selinux-avc-chart.md) — custom Netdata chart for tracking SELinux AVC denials
### Security
- [Linux Server Hardening Checklist](02-selfhosting/security/linux-server-hardening-checklist.md) — non-root user, SSH key auth, sshd_config, firewall, fail2ban, SpamAssassin
- [Standardizing unattended-upgrades with Ansible](02-selfhosting/security/ansible-unattended-upgrades-fleet.md) — fleet-wide automatic security updates across Ubuntu servers
- [Fail2ban Custom Jail: Apache 404 Scanner Detection](02-selfhosting/security/fail2ban-apache-404-scanner-jail.md) — custom filter and jail for blocking 404 scanners
- [Fail2ban Custom Jail: WordPress Login Brute Force](02-selfhosting/security/fail2ban-wordpress-login-jail.md) — access-log-based wp-login.php brute force detection without plugins
- [SELinux: Fixing Fail2ban grep execmem Denial](02-selfhosting/security/selinux-fail2ban-execmem-fix.md) — resolving execmem AVC denials from Fail2ban's grep on Fedora
- [UFW Firewall Management](02-selfhosting/security/ufw-firewall-management.md) — managing UFW rules, common patterns, troubleshooting
### Services
- [Updating n8n Running in Docker](02-selfhosting/services/updating-n8n-docker.md) — pinned version updates, password reset, Arcane timing gaps
- [Mastodon Instance Tuning](02-selfhosting/services/mastodon-instance-tuning.md) — character limit increase, media cache management for self-hosted Mastodon
---
## 🔓 Open Source Tools
### Alternatives
- [SearXNG: Private Self-Hosted Search](03-opensource/alternatives/searxng.md) — metasearch engine that queries multiple engines without exposing your identity
- [FreshRSS: Self-Hosted RSS Reader](03-opensource/alternatives/freshrss.md) — algorithm-free feed aggregator with mobile app sync
- [Gitea: Self-Hosted Git](03-opensource/alternatives/gitea.md) — lightweight GitHub alternative, webhooks, single Docker container
### Productivity
- [rmlint: Duplicate File Scanning](03-opensource/productivity/rmlint-duplicate-scanning.md) — extremely fast duplicate file finding and storage reclamation
### Development Tools
- [tmux: Persistent Terminal Sessions](03-opensource/dev-tools/tmux.md) — detachable sessions for long-running jobs over SSH
- [screen: Simple Persistent Sessions](03-opensource/dev-tools/screen.md) — lightweight terminal multiplexer, universally available
- [rsync: Fast, Resumable File Transfers](03-opensource/dev-tools/rsync.md) — incremental file sync locally and over SSH, survives interruptions
- [Ventoy: Multi-Boot USB Tool](03-opensource/dev-tools/ventoy.md) — drop ISOs on a USB drive and boot any of them, no reflashing
### Privacy & Security
- [Vaultwarden: Self-Hosted Password Manager](03-opensource/privacy-security/vaultwarden.md) — Bitwarden-compatible server in a single Docker container, passwords stay on your hardware
### Media & Creative
- [yt-dlp: Video Downloading](03-opensource/media-creative/yt-dlp.md) — download from YouTube and hundreds of other sites, Plex-optimized format selection
---
## 🎙️ Streaming & Podcasting
### OBS Studio
- [OBS Studio Setup & Encoding](04-streaming/obs/obs-studio-setup-encoding.md) — installation, NVENC/x264 settings, scene setup, audio filters, Linux Wayland notes
### Plex
- [Plex 4K Codec Compatibility (Apple TV)](04-streaming/plex/plex-4k-codec-compatibility.md) — AV1/VP9 vs HEVC, batch conversion script, yt-dlp auto-convert hook
---
## 🔧 General Troubleshooting
- [Apache Outage: Fail2ban Self-Ban + Missing iptables Rules](05-troubleshooting/networking/fail2ban-self-ban-apache-outage.md) — diagnosing and fixing Apache outages caused by missing firewall rules and Fail2ban self-bans
- [Mail Client Stops Receiving: Fail2ban IMAP Self-Ban](05-troubleshooting/networking/fail2ban-imap-self-ban-mail-client.md) — diagnosing why one device stops receiving email when the mail server is healthy
- [firewalld: Mail Ports Wiped After Reload](05-troubleshooting/networking/firewalld-mail-ports-reset.md) — recovering IMAP and webmail after firewalld reload drops all mail service rules
- [Fail2ban & UFW Rule Bloat: 30k Rules Slowing Down a VPS](05-troubleshooting/networking/fail2ban-ufw-rule-bloat-cleanup.md) — diagnosing and cleaning up massive nftables/UFW rule accumulation
- [Tailscale SSH: Unexpected Re-Authentication Prompt](05-troubleshooting/networking/tailscale-ssh-reauth-prompt.md) — resolving unexpected re-auth prompts on Tailscale SSH connections
- [Docker & Caddy Recovery After Reboot (Fedora + SELinux)](05-troubleshooting/docker-caddy-selinux-post-reboot-recovery.md) — fixing docker.socket, SELinux port blocks, and httpd_can_network_connect after reboot
- [n8n Behind Reverse Proxy: X-Forwarded-For Trust Fix](05-troubleshooting/docker/n8n-proxy-trust-x-forwarded-for.md) — fixing webhook failures caused by missing proxy trust configuration
- [Nextcloud AIO Container Unhealthy for 20 Hours](05-troubleshooting/docker/nextcloud-aio-unhealthy-20h-stuck.md) — diagnosing stuck Nextcloud AIO containers after nightly update cycles
- [ISP SNI Filtering with Caddy](05-troubleshooting/isp-sni-filtering-caddy.md) — troubleshooting why wiki.majorshouse.com was blocked by Google Fiber
- [Obsidian Cache Hang Recovery](05-troubleshooting/obsidian-cache-hang-recovery.md) — resolving "Loading cache" hang in Obsidian by cleaning Electron app data and ML artifacts
- [macOS Repeating Alert Tone from Mirrored Notification](05-troubleshooting/macos-mirrored-notification-alert-loop.md) — stopping alert tone loops from mirrored iPhone notifications on Mac
- [Qwen2.5-14B OOM on RTX 3080 Ti (12GB)](05-troubleshooting/gpu-display/qwen-14b-oom-3080ti.md) — fixes and alternatives when hitting VRAM limits during fine-tuning
- [yt-dlp YouTube JS Challenge Fix on Fedora](05-troubleshooting/yt-dlp-fedora-js-challenge.md) — fixing YouTube JS challenge solver errors and missing formats on Fedora
- [Gemini CLI Manual Update](05-troubleshooting/gemini-cli-manual-update.md) — how to manually update the Gemini CLI when automatic updates fail
- [MajorWiki Setup & Pipeline](05-troubleshooting/majwiki-setup-and-pipeline.md) — setting up MajorWiki and the Obsidian → Gitea → MkDocs publishing pipeline
- [Gitea Actions Runner: Boot Race Condition Fix](05-troubleshooting/gitea-runner-boot-race-network-target.md) — fixing act_runner crash loop on boot caused by DNS not ready at startup
- [SELinux: Fixing Dovecot Mail Spool Context (/var/vmail)](05-troubleshooting/selinux-dovecot-vmail-context.md) — fixing thousands of AVC denials when /var/vmail has wrong SELinux context
- [mdadm RAID Recovery After USB Hub Disconnect](05-troubleshooting/storage/mdadm-usb-hub-disconnect-recovery.md) — diagnosing and recovering a failed mdadm array caused by a USB hub dropout
- [Windows OpenSSH Server (sshd) Stops After Reboot](05-troubleshooting/networking/windows-sshd-stops-after-reboot.md) — fixing sshd not running after reboot due to Manual startup type
- [Ollama Drops Off Tailscale When Mac Sleeps](05-troubleshooting/ollama-macos-sleep-tailscale-disconnect.md) — keeping Ollama reachable over Tailscale by disabling macOS sleep on AC power
- [Ansible: Vault Password File Not Found](05-troubleshooting/ansible-vault-password-file-missing.md) — fixing the missing vault_pass file error when running ansible-playbook
- [Ansible SSH Timeout During dnf upgrade](05-troubleshooting/ansible-ssh-timeout-dnf-upgrade.md) — preventing SSH timeouts during long-running dnf upgrades on Fedora
- [Fedora Networking & Kernel Troubleshooting](05-troubleshooting/fedora-networking-kernel-recovery.md) — nmcli quick fix, GRUB kernel rollback, and recovery for Fedora fleet
- [Custom Fail2ban Jail: Apache Directory Scanning](05-troubleshooting/security/apache-dirscan-fail2ban-jail.md) — blocking directory scanners and junk HTTP methods
- [ClamAV Safe Scheduling on Live Servers](05-troubleshooting/security/clamscan-cpu-spike-nice-ionice.md) — preventing clamscan CPU spikes with nice and ionice
- [Systemd Session Scope Fails at Login](05-troubleshooting/systemd/session-scope-failure-at-login.md) — fixing session-cN.scope failures during login
---
## Recently Updated
| Date | Article | Domain |
|---|---|---|
| 2026-04-07 | [SSH Config & Key Management](01-linux/networking/ssh-config-key-management.md) | Linux |
| 2026-04-07 | [Windows OpenSSH: WSL Default Shell Breaks Remote Commands](05-troubleshooting/networking/windows-openssh-wsl-default-shell-breaks-remote-commands.md) | Troubleshooting |
| 2026-04-07 | [Windows OpenSSH Server (sshd) Stops After Reboot](05-troubleshooting/networking/windows-sshd-stops-after-reboot.md) | Troubleshooting |
| 2026-04-02 | [Fail2ban Custom Jail: WordPress Login Brute Force](02-selfhosting/security/fail2ban-wordpress-login-jail.md) | Self-Hosting |
| 2026-04-02 | [Mastodon Instance Tuning](02-selfhosting/services/mastodon-instance-tuning.md) | Self-Hosting |
| 2026-04-02 | [mdadm — Rebuilding a RAID Array After Reinstall](01-linux/storage/mdadm-raid-rebuild.md) | Linux |
| 2026-04-02 | [Fedora Networking & Kernel Troubleshooting](05-troubleshooting/fedora-networking-kernel-recovery.md) | Troubleshooting |
| 2026-04-02 | [Ventoy: Multi-Boot USB Tool](03-opensource/dev-tools/ventoy.md) | Open Source |
| 2026-03-18 | [Deploying Netdata to a New Server](02-selfhosting/monitoring/netdata-new-server-setup.md) | Self-Hosting |
| 2026-03-18 | [Tuning Netdata Docker Health Alarms](02-selfhosting/monitoring/netdata-docker-health-alarm-tuning.md) | Self-Hosting |
| 2026-03-17 | [Ollama Drops Off Tailscale When Mac Sleeps](05-troubleshooting/ollama-macos-sleep-tailscale-disconnect.md) | Troubleshooting |
| 2026-03-17 | [Windows OpenSSH Server (sshd) Stops After Reboot](05-troubleshooting/networking/windows-sshd-stops-after-reboot.md) | Troubleshooting |
| 2026-03-16 | [Standardizing unattended-upgrades with Ansible](02-selfhosting/security/ansible-unattended-upgrades-fleet.md) | Self-Hosting |
| 2026-03-16 | [WSL2 Training Environment Rebuild (Fedora 43)](01-linux/distro-specific/wsl2-rebuild-fedora43-training-env.md) | Linux |
| 2026-03-16 | [WSL2 Backup via PowerShell Scheduled Task](01-linux/distro-specific/wsl2-backup-powershell.md) | Linux |
| 2026-03-15 | [firewalld: Mail Ports Wiped After Reload](05-troubleshooting/networking/firewalld-mail-ports-reset.md) | Troubleshooting |
| 2026-03-15 | [Plex 4K Codec Compatibility (Apple TV)](04-streaming/plex/plex-4k-codec-compatibility.md) | Streaming |
| 2026-03-15 | [mdadm RAID Recovery After USB Hub Disconnect](05-troubleshooting/storage/mdadm-usb-hub-disconnect-recovery.md) | Troubleshooting |
| 2026-03-15 | [yt-dlp: Video Downloading](03-opensource/media-creative/yt-dlp.md) | Open Source |
| 2026-03-14 | [SELinux: Fixing Dovecot Mail Spool Context (/var/vmail)](05-troubleshooting/selinux-dovecot-vmail-context.md) | Troubleshooting |
| 2026-03-14 | [Gitea Actions Runner: Boot Race Condition Fix](05-troubleshooting/gitea-runner-boot-race-network-target.md) | Troubleshooting |
| 2026-03-14 | [Mail Client Stops Receiving: Fail2ban IMAP Self-Ban](05-troubleshooting/networking/fail2ban-imap-self-ban-mail-client.md) | Troubleshooting |
| 2026-03-14 | [SearXNG: Private Self-Hosted Search](03-opensource/alternatives/searxng.md) | Open Source |
| 2026-03-14 | [FreshRSS: Self-Hosted RSS Reader](03-opensource/alternatives/freshrss.md) | Open Source |
| 2026-03-14 | [Gitea: Self-Hosted Git](03-opensource/alternatives/gitea.md) | Open Source |
| 2026-03-14 | [yt-dlp: Video Downloading](03-opensource/media-creative/yt-dlp.md) | Open Source |
| 2026-03-13 | [Vaultwarden: Self-Hosted Password Manager](03-opensource/privacy-security/vaultwarden.md) | Open Source |
| 2026-03-13 | [Gemini CLI Manual Update](05-troubleshooting/gemini-cli-manual-update.md) | Troubleshooting |
| 2026-03-13 | [rmlint: Duplicate File Scanning](03-opensource/productivity/rmlint-duplicate-scanning.md) | Open Source |
| 2026-03-13 | [SnapRAID & MergerFS Storage Setup](01-linux/storage/snapraid-mergerfs-setup.md) | Linux |
| 2026-03-13 | [Qwen2.5-14B OOM on RTX 3080 Ti (12GB)](05-troubleshooting/gpu-display/qwen-14b-oom-3080ti.md) | Troubleshooting |
---
## Writing Backlog
| Topic | Domain | Priority | From Gap? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Docker Compose networking deep dive | Self-Hosting | High | No |
| Troubleshooting NVIDIA on Linux | Troubleshooting | Medium | No |
| Pi-hole setup and local DNS | Self-Hosting | Medium | No |
| OBS audio routing on Linux (PipeWire) | Streaming | Medium | No |
| Nextcloud setup with Docker | Self-Hosting | Medium | No |
---
## Related
- [MajorWiki Deploy Status](MajorWiki-Deploy-Status.md) — deployment status and update workflow
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